|
Heterogeneous Chemistry on Polar Stratospheric Clouds Li Yimin, Wang Zhenya, Li Haiyang* Abstract The Polar vortex during the winter was caused by the special
environment and climate in the antarctic, and the durative low temperture within the polar
vortex leads to the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). Laboratory
experimental studies, and field observations have shown that heterogeneous chemistry on
polar stratospheric clouds plays a critical role in the formation of Antarctic ozone hole.
The heterogeneous chemical reactions can transform the inert reservoir compounds ClONO2
and HCl to active chlorine species (Cl2 and HOCl), and remove nitric oxides
from the gas phase by formation of nitric acid into the PSCs. The catalytic cycles of
ClO-ClOOCl and co-reaction of ClO-BrO will be enhanced by the release of Cl atoms, and
which will promote the formation of Antarctic ozone hole. 极地平流层云上的非均相化学反应 李益民 王振亚 李海洋*(中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所环境光谱学研究实验室 合肥 230031) 摘要 特殊的环境和气候状况，造成了南极冬季的“极地旋涡”，极地旋涡内的持续低温，有利于形成极地平流层云(PSCs)。实验室模拟研究、现场测量表明发生在极地平流层云上的非均相化学反应对南极臭氧洞的形成起到非常关键的作用，这一反应的发生可以使得原本比较惰性的储库分子ClONO2和HCl转变成可光解产生Cl的化合物Cl2和HOCl，同时反应产物之一HNO3可与PSCs结合，使NOx从气相中移去，这会更有利于该非均相反应的进行。此外活性氯的产生，强化了ClO-ClOOCl和ClO-BrO催化循环圈的进行，从而促使了南极臭氧洞的生成。关键词 南极臭氧洞 极地平流层云 非均相化学 李益民 男，43岁，博士生，副教授，主要从事环境化学方面的研究工作。*联系人国家自然科学基金资助项目(20073042) 2002-06-03收稿,2002-10-14修回 |