基于不同增容策略的聚乳酸/聚己内酯共混体系界面调控及性能研究

高嘉璐; 吕昂; 荆莹; 刘立志; 宋立新

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基于不同增容策略的聚乳酸/聚己内酯共混体系界面调控及性能研究

Research on Interface Regulation and Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polycaprolactone Blends Based on Different Compatibilization Strategies

投稿时间：2026-04-28 修订日期：2026-06-17

DOI：

中文关键词: 聚乳酸聚己内酯相容剂力学性能

英文关键词:Polylactic acid, Polycaprolactone, Compatibilizer, Mechanical properties

基金项目:

作者	单位	邮编
高嘉璐	沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁沈阳	110142
吕昂	沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁沈阳
荆莹	沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁沈阳
刘立志	沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁沈阳
宋立新^*	沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁沈阳	110142

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中文摘要:

针对聚乳酸(PLA)与聚己内酯(PCL)共混体系组分不相容导致界面缺陷与性能欠佳的问题，本研究分别以聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚(PPGDGE)、腰果酚(CD)及衣康酸二丁酯(DBI)为相容剂制备了不同的PLA/PCL共混体系，并对增容机理、微观形貌、热学性能、光学性能、力学性能以及降解性能进行了系统性的研究。结果表明，所引入的三种相容剂均能有效改善界面粘附力并细化分散相。其中，PPGDGE通过其环氧基团与聚酯链末端发生开环反应构建扩链与支化结构，提升了体系的相容性及结构致密性；DBI则依靠活性双键与聚合物主链发生原位化学接枝，形成了紧密的界面结合，有效增强了应力传递；而CD分子因同时参与酯化与自由基聚合，在界面处原位生成了类似嵌段共聚物(PLA-b-CD-b-PCL)的结构，发挥了强烈的“桥接”与内增塑作用。性能测试表明，相容剂对体系的调控呈现显著的分化：在本研究条件下，CD可使共混物的玻璃化转变温度差(ΔTg)降至最低，对韧性提升(断裂伸长率与缺口冲击强度分别达到PLA/PCL共混物的12.1倍与7.5倍)和加速水解降解最为显著；PPGDGE更有利于降低薄膜雾度并维持力学强度；DBI则更有利于提高材料的热变形温度。综上所述，三种相容剂因化学结构差异展现出各自独特的优势，为可降解塑料在不同实际需求下的靶向优化设计提供了重要参考。

英文摘要:

To address the interfacial defects and sub-optimal performance arising from the inherent incompatibility of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) blends, three distinct compatibilizers—poly(propylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PPGDGE), cardanol (CD), and dibutyl itaconate (DBI)—were utilized to prepare modified PLA/PCL blends. The compatibilization mechanisms, microscopic morphologies, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties, as well as accelerated hydrolysis degradation behaviors of the blends were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that all three compatibilizers effectively improved interfacial adhesion and refined the dispersed phase. Specifically, the epoxy groups of PPGDGE underwent ring-opening reactions with the polyester chain ends to construct chain extension and branched structures, thereby enhancing the compatibility and structural compactness. DBI relied on its active double bonds for in situ chemical grafting with the polymer backbone, forming tight interfacial bonds that effectively facilitated stress transfer. CD molecules were presumed to participate in both end-group esterification and free radical polymerization, generating a block-copolymer-like structure (PLA-b-CD-b-PCL) at the interface to exert strong "bridging" and internal plasticization effects. Performance evaluations revealed that the regulation of the system by these compatibilizers presented significant differentiation. Under the conditions of this study, CD minimized the glass transition temperature difference (ΔTg) and exhibited the most pronounced toughening effect (with elongation at break and notched impact strength reaching 12.1 and 7.5 times those of the neat PLA/PCL blend, respectively), along with the most significant accelerated hydrolysis degradation. PPGDGE was more conducive to reducing film haze and maintaining basic mechanical strength, whereas DBI was more favorable for increasing the heat deflection temperature. In summary, the three compatibilizers exhibit their respective unique advantages dictated by their chemical structures, providing an important reference for the targeted optimal design of biodegradable plastics under diverse practical requirements.

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