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| 青花瓷的钴蓝密码：Co2+的配位化学、工艺演变与文明互鉴 |
| The Cobalt Blue Code of Qinghua Porcelain: Co²? Coordination Chemistry, Technological Evolution, and Cross-Cultural Exchange |
| 投稿时间：2026-04-24 修订日期：2026-06-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 青花瓷 钴蓝 钴料变迁 科技考古 文明互鉴 |
| 英文关键词:blue-and-white porcelain cobalt blue cobalt material evolution archaeometry cross-cultural exchange |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 青花钴蓝，是配位化学的微观表达，是窑火技术的迭代印记，更是丝路文明的交互结晶。本文从呈色机理出发，解析Co2+在四面体配位场中的d-d电子跃迁与对红光的选择性吸收规律，阐明釉料、烧成温度与还原气氛对钴价态的协同调控作用。以钴料演变为主线，梳理唐代钴土矿、元代“苏麻离青”、明代“平等青”与“回青”、清代“珠明料”的发展谱系，揭示原料更迭与发色、风格演变的内在关联。基于EDXRF、SEM等现代分析技术，探讨其在产地溯源与古工艺复原中的应用与局限。结合丝绸之路文化传播，阐释青花瓷作为“蓝色通货”的跨文明融合特质，提炼传统制瓷工艺的匠心内核，并分析其在当代文物考古与非遗传承中的重要价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The cobalt blue of Qinghua ware is at once a chemical manifestation, a technological testament, and a cultural synthesis—the product of kiln craftsmanship and transcontinental interaction alike. This paper begins with the coloration mechanism, analyzing the d-d electronic transitions of Co2? in a tetrahedral coordination field and the selective absorption of red light. It elucidates the synergistic regulation of cobalt valence states by glaze composition, firing temperature, and reducing atmosphere. Tracing the evolution of cobalt ores, the study outlines the developmental lineage from Tang-dynasty cobalt earth ore, Yuan-dynasty “Sumali blue”, Ming-dynasty “Pingdeng blue” and “Hui blue” to Qing-dynasty “Zhuming material”, revealing the intrinsic relationships between raw material changes and variations in coloration and style. Based on modern analytical techniques like EDXRF and SEM, the paper discusses their applications and limitations in provenance tracing and reconstruction of ancient craftsmanship. In the context of cultural transmission along the Silk Road, it interprets blue-and-white porcelain as a “blue currency” with cross-civilization integrative characteristics, refines the artisan spirit inherent in traditional ceramic craftsmanship, and analyzes its significance in contemporary archaeological heritage preservation and intangible cultural heritage transmission. |
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