| 黄俊满,唐思佳,柏虹宇,张桂萍,唐佳慧,宋永娇.化学通报,2026,89(4):468-475. |
| 陶质文物脱盐保护方法的研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Desalination Methods for Pottery Cultural Relics Conservation |
| 投稿时间：2025-11-21 修订日期：2026-01-12 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 陶质文物 酥粉 盐析 脱盐方法 |
| 英文关键词:Ceramic artifacts, pastries, salt precipitation, desalination methods |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(52303128)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 陶质文物是中华民族上千年历史中遗留下来的绚丽瑰宝，对我国文化传承具有重要意义。由于其自身的多孔结构和高吸水率，陶质文物易受长期埋藏环境中可溶盐的侵入与反复溶解-结晶行为的影响，出现酥粉、开裂等病害，严重影响其结构稳定性和艺术价值。本文从化学平衡和热力学角度深入分析了盐析的机理，指出环境湿度和温度的波动是影响可溶盐结晶的关键因素，进而系统总结了深洗脱盐法、吸附脱盐法、结晶抑制剂法三种脱盐保护技术中蕴含的化学相关的原理和应用，以期提高对陶质文物保护的认知深度，提升文物保护意识和文化自信心。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ceramic artifacts are the magnificent treasures of the Chinese nation over millennia, holding significant importance for the transmission of Chinese culture. These artifacts are susceptible to the intrusion and repeated dissolution-crystallization cycles of soluble salts in long-term burial environments due to their porous structure and high water absorption, leading to damages such as surface powdering and cracking, which severely threaten their structural stability and artistic value. This article deeply analyzes the mechanism of salt efflorescence from the perspectives of chemical equilibrium and thermodynamics, pointing out that fluctuations in environmental humidity and temperature are key drivers of soluble salt crystallization. And the chemical principles and applications of three desalination protection techniques: deep washing desalination, adsorption desalination, and crystallization inhibitor methods were systematically summarized. The aim is to deepen the understanding of ceramic artifacts preservation, enhance awareness of cultural heritage conservation, and boost cultural confidence. |
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